A Study of the Antioxidative and Antimutagenic Effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Using an Oxidized Frying Oil-Fed Model

The aims of this study were to evaluate the antioxidative effect of a traditional Taiwanese vegetable, Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (H. cordata), by subjecting rodents to oxi­dized frying oil-induced oxidative stress, and to examine the antimutagenic effects of H. car­data using the Ames test. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a diet of 0, 2, or 5% H. cardata and 15% fresh oil or oxidized frying oil (OFO) for 28 d, Levels of polyphenol in the feces, plasma, and liver were determined. The LDL lag time, plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), and levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TEARS) were used as antioxida­tive indices, and the protein carbonyl group was used as an oxidative index, The results showed that the polyphenol content decreased in the plasma and increased in the feces when administering OFO, and the apparent absorption of polyphenol also decreased. The polyphenol content in plasma increased when giving H. cardata. There was a higher polyphenol concentration in the water extracts of H. cardata than in the methanol extracts. The OFO-fed groups had higher plasma TEARS and hepatic protein carbonyl group concen­trations and shorter LDL lag times than those of the control group. The total TAS was ele­vated and the LDL lag time was prolonged when fed with H. cardata. In addition, both water and methanol extracts of H. cardata had an antimutagenic effect on benzo(a)pyrene, afla­toxin B1, and OFO, and showed a dose-dependent response using the Ames test. The antimu­tagenic ability of water extracts was higher than that of the methanol extracts. In conclusion, the polyphenol in H. cardata is easily absorbed and metabolized by rodents. H. cardata showed both antioxidative and antimutagenic properties under OFO feeding-induced oxidative stress.

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